Aural (Ear) Interval Training

Below is a table that can be used for Aural (Ear) Interval Training. The idea is to learn to recognize intervals by ear so as
a person can listen and replicate what they are hearing. Also, this is the foundation for recognizing keys and chords in music, as melody and
chords are made up of intervals. Below is just a beginning table with Major intervals. Later you can learn minor, augmented, and
diminished intervals.  The direction up or down is important. For example, the interval from C UP to F is a Perfect 4th, or F DOWN to C is a Perfect 4th,
but C DOWN to F is a Perfect 5th. The origination point matters.   The best way to understand these intervals is to play them on the ukulele or piano.

On the ukulele or piano, play the intervals each note separately in both directions, then pinch the respectively strings together in unison, then play
the different intervals out of sequence, make a game of it. Make it FUN, you will learn a TON!!!!! 

Up Intervals

Solfege Example Interval Type of Interval Number of half-steps Key Notes from Song
Do -Re  middle C to D  Major 2nd (M2)  2  Happy Birthday
Do - Mi  middle C to E  Major 3rd (M3)  4  Michael Rowed the Boat Ashore
Do - Fa  middle C to F  Perfect 4th (P4)  5  Here Comes the Bride
Do - So  middle C to G  Perfect 5th (P5)  7  Twinkle Twinkle Little Star (2nd Note to 3rd Note)
Do - La  middle C to A  Major 6th (M6)  9  It Came Upon a Midnight Clear
Do - Ti  middle C to B  Major 7th (M7)  11  (Not used alone)*
Do - Do  middle C to C  Perfect 8th (P8)  octave  12  Somewhere Over the Rainbow

* This is a very harsh interval, and very seldom used alone. This interval is not used in common practice by itself.

Down Intervals

Solfege Example Interval Type of Interval Number of half-steps Key Notes from Song
Re - Do  D to middle C  Major 2nd (M2)  2 Mary Had a Little Lamb
Mi - Do  E to middle C  Major 3rd (M3)  4 Swing Low Sweet Chariot
Fa - Do  F to middle C  Perfect 4th (P4)  5 Born Free or DayO
So - Do  G to middle C  Perfect 5th (P5)  7 Feelings
La - Do  A to middle C  Major 6th (M6)  9 Nobody Knows
Ti -  Do  B to middle C  Major 7th (M7)  11 (Not used alone)*
Do - Do  C to middle C  Perfect 8th (P8)  octave  12 Give Me Some Lovin' 

* This is a very harsh interval, and very seldom used alone. This interval is not used in common practice by itself.

To learn these interval relationships better go to

http://musictheory.net  and try out the Interval Ear Trainer. Kudos for Ricci Adams  for developing this very helpful software, and music theory site.